UNITAR, in collaboration with the UN Environment Global Mercury Partnership and a group of national and international experts, has developed theHandbook for Developing National ASGM Formalization Strategies within National Action Plans. The Formalization Handbook provides a comprehensive introduction to ASGM formalization, including key concepts, best practices, and a human rights-based approach. This is followed by step-by-step suggestions for creating an enabling environment for ASGM formalization and developing a national strategy for formalizing the ASGM sector. The various issues and approaches are illustrated with case studies from developing countries. UNITAR will use the Formalization Handbook to guide the technical support it is providing to countries developing NAPs.